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There was no change in the number of subscribers between and Then, the number rose slightly between and , when there were about male subscribers. Similarly, the number of women subscribing to cell phone service rose in most years between and There was a slight drop to about subscribers between and , and that number stayed steady between and Overall, while the numbers of both male and female subscribers rose significantly, they rose more for men.

Mark each supporting detail with the letter: A, B, C, etc. Correct any errors. B The graph below shows the number of students enrolled in two different schools. The number of students at each school changed every year. Enrollment at Riverside School rose steadily over the four-year period shown on the graph. There was a small increase from a little under students in to a little over in Then, enrollment started to rise more rapidly.

In , there were students enrolled in Riverside School, and in enrollment was close to There was a small rise between and , from students to just over In , enrollment fell back to students. It also fell in , to around students. While enrollment changed each year at both schools, it increased at Riverside School and fell at Litchneld School. On Saturday sales were highest in the evening, and on Sunday sales were highest in the afternoon.

On Saturday, the most popular times to see a movie were in the evening. Sales started out relatively low, with tickets sold for the show and sold for the show. After that, sales rose to tickets sold for both the and shows. On Sunday, on the other hand, the most popular time to see a movie was in the afternoon.

Sales started out highest for the show, when tickets were sold. Then, sales dropped steadily, and they reached their lowest for the show, when just 50 tickets were sold. In general, moviegoers at the Springfield Cinema seem to prefer later shows on Saturday and earlier shows on Sunday. Resource 0 Vocabulary Variety 0. D The pie charts below show the highest level of education achieved by people over age 21 in two different countries. The levels of education reached were different for each country.

In Country A, most adults had at least some schooling. Only ftve percent of the adult population had not gone to school at all, and just fifteen percent stopped studying after primary school. A very small part of the population, ftve percent, got university degrees. Five percent had no schooling. Another five percent did not go beyond primary school. Thirty-five percent of the adult population, on the other hand, stopped studying after secondary school. In both countries, most of the adults had at least some education, and many continued studying after secondary school.

Write at least words. A process diagram may show the steps in a process, or it may show changes in a place over time. You will have to describe the steps in the process or describe the changes.

Remember that you will have 60 minutes to complete the writing part of the test, and to allow 20 minutes for Task 1. Address the Task When you see a diagram, determine whether it shows the steps in a process or changes in a place. Decide whether the diagram shows steps in a process or changes in a place.

Write ''steps" or "changes. The diagram below shows the process of generating electricity with a wind turbine. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main featuresl and make comparisons where relevant. Diagrams A Cotton Cloth Production 1. Wind 2. Blades 3. Rotor 4. Drive shaft 5. Gear box 6. Generator 7. Wind monitor- measures speed and direction of wind 8. Rotating motor - moves turbine to face into the wind 9. Cable - carries electric current Substation Homes Make a note of both the title and the description.

Diagram I The diagram below shows the process of producing raisins from grapes. Raisin Production 1. Grape harvest Drying weeks Transportation 4. Grocery stores Commercial bakeries Export nt1e:.

Note the title and the description for each one. For a diagram that shows how a place changes, you will have to determine the differences between the before and after pictures. Most diagrams will have labels to help you identify objects and actions.

A diagram may also have arrows to show direction of movement, entering or exiting, etc. Diagram I. Details I. Details Before. Make notes about details for each one. Not all diagrams will have the same number of steps or changes. C Details Before After Dlagram. Now you will use these notes to write your essay.

Write the Introduction The introduction tells the topic of your essay. Your essay will be about the diagram. In Practice 2 page 52 , you made notes about the topic of the diagram. Now you will use those notes to write the introduction to your essay. Write the Topic Sentence Write one sentence that tells what the diagram is about.

Do not copy the title and task exactly. Use synonyms. See Chapter 3 page for more information on synonyms. Look at these examples based on the sample diagrams on pages Topic sentence The diagram presents the steps for making raisins from grapes. Discussion The topic sentence avoids copying exact phrases and sentences from the task and diagram title by using the word presents instead of shows, steps instead of process, and making instead of producing. Diagram II Task The diagram below shows a library before and after renovations.

Notes Title:J?! Discussion The topic sentence avoids copying exact phrases and sentences from the task and diagram title by using the word illustrates instead of shows and changes instead of renovations. Some words will have more than one synonym. Synonyms 1 show A prior to B changes Write a General Statement The topic sentence tells what the diagram is about. If the diagram shows a process, mention how the process begins and ends.

It takes a number of steps to go from an apple on a tree to applesauce we can buy in a store. The neighborhood was much busier following the construction of the bridge. There are more words than you will need. B It goes through several stages from.. C The neighborhood changed from a D Many things were E The electricity is Use your notes from Practice 2 page 52 to write the topic sentence, and use the general statements from Practice 6 above.

You identified the steps in a process or the changes between two diagrams. Now you will turn these notes into sentences for the body of your essay. Use Passive Voice A Task 1 diagram shows actions. It doesn't usually show the person performing the actions. When you don't know who or what performs an action, use passive voice. Passive voice is formed with the verb be and the past participle form of the main verb. It can be used in any verb tense. In Task 1, you will generally use either present tense or past tense.

Look at these examples of passive voice. The apples are harvested. Use present tense. Frozen Orange Juice Concentrate 1. Harvest Transportation Fruit washer 4. First, the fruit When the oranges are ripe, they prepare Then, they The trucks harvest load carry the oranges to the processing plant. There, they The washed oranges go though the extractor, which make extracts the juice.

Next, the juice goes to the evaporator, where it The concentrate Then, it freeze The cans of juice Customers buy the frozen concentrate and enjoy it at home. Use Sequence Words and Phrases When you write about a process diagram, you will write about the steps of the process in the order that they occur.

Use sequence words and phrases to show their order in time. See Chapter 2 page for more information on sequence words and phrases. Use before with the step that comes later. Use after with the step that comes first. Before the raisins are put into packages, they are sorted. Meaning-First the grapes are sorted; then they are put into packages.

The raisins are taken to the processing plant after they are dried. Meaning-First the grapes are dried; then they are taken to the processing plant. Sequence Words after before finally first next then Recycling Plastic Bottles 1.

Plastic Bottle Consumer Recycling bin To the recycling plant 4. New products The diagram shows the process of recycling plastic bottles to make new products. It takes several steps to go from used bottles to new products made out of the same material. The I This machine turns the pieces into pellets. You will have to describe what you see in each diagram. Location on on the right in on the left next to on the other side beside in the middle in front of across from behind Look at these examples.

Wild River There is a bridge over the river. There are some trees next to the bridge. Across the river from the trees there is a house. Some flowers are growing next to the house. On the other side of the house there is a barn. A boat is sailing on the river.

Write at least one sentence about each of the objects on the list. Lakeside Park 1 nature center 2 parking lot 3 cars 4 picnic area 5 trees. Begin with the introductions you wrote in Practice 7 page 59 ; then use your notes about details from Practice 3 page 54 to write the body of each essay. Mention each of the steps or each of the changes you identified. Use the Revision Checklist When you revise, you check the content and the language of your essay.

Make sure the essay is clear and well organized and that you have used correct grammar and spelling. The diagram below shows the process of producing raisins from grapes. Cleaner Washer Sorter 0 7. Grocery stores Commercial bakeries Export The diagram presents the steps for making raisins from grapes.

It takes several steps to go from grapes on the vine to packaged raisins ready for sale. To begin, the grapes are picked from the vines. After picking, they are laid in the sun to dry. It takes two to three weeks to dry the fruit. When the raisins are dry, they are packed in boxes and taken by truck to the processing plant.

At the plant, the raisins go through a cleaner, which removes bits of dirt. Next they are washed in a washer. Before the raisins are packaged, they are sorted by size. Then, the raisins are put in different kinds of packages.

Some raisins are put in small packages, and they are sold to grocery stores. Some are put in larger packages to be sold to commercial bakeries or to be exported to other countries. Check for Topic Sentence The first sentence of this essay is the topic sentence. It tells the topic of the diagram and lets the reader know that the essay is about the diagram.

The diagram presents the steps for making raisins from grapes. Together with the topic sentence, it introduces the reader to the essay.

Check for Sequence of Steps This diagram shows the steps in a process, so the essay must describe the steps in sequence. The essay describes these steps in the sequence they are presented in the diagram.

This essay describes a sequence of steps and uses sequence words and phrases to connect the steps. To begin, the grapes are picked After picking Next they are washed Before the raisins are packaged Then, the raisins are put Check for Grammar and Spelling Correct grammar and spelling help keep your ideas clear to the reader. This essay contains no grammar or spelling errors. Check for Sentence Variety Using a variety of sentence types in your essay can help you express your ideas more clearly, and it makes your essay more interesting to read.

Complex Sentence Before the raisins are packaged, they are sorted by size. Compound Sentence Some raisins are put in small packages, and they are sold to grocery stores.

Answer the questions that follow each essay. A The diagram below shows the process of recycling plastic bottles.

Recycling Plastic Bottles 1. First, the bottles have to be sent to the recycling plant. Then, the bottles are picked up by truck, and they are transported to the recycling plant. There, they have to be washed before they can go through the recycling process. After washing, they are sent to another machine, where they are shredded into small pieces. Next, the shredded pieces go into the extruder. Finally, the pellets are used to make new plastic products such as bottles, cups, and toys, which we can buy and use at home.

The library was larger and it had more rooms after the renovations were done. Before the renovations, the desk was in the middle of the library. Behind it was the reference area. There was a large children's room on the right. Additionally, there were two rooms for adults, one nonftction and the other ftction, on the left.

The desk was moved closer to the front door. Behind the desk, in place of the old reference area, was a new reading area. The old children's room was divided into two rooms, one for magazines and one for the new reference area. Behind these rooms, a new children's room was built. Also, a new garden was created next to it. Although changes were made to the other areas of the library, the two adult rooms remained in the same place.

Questions for B I Find the topic sentence and underline it. Wood Pellet Boiler Hot water tank , Cool water Under floor heating The diagram shows how a wood pellet boiler is used to provide heat and hot water for a house.

The pellets are burned to produce heat, which is then distributed through the house. Essential Words for the IEL1S will teach you words that you might find on the exam in reading and listening and that you might use in writing and speaking.

You will also learn skills that will help you learn new words easily. The context provides clues to the meaning of a word. These clues may be in the same entence or in the same paragraph.

You will learn to look for definitions, synonyms, or paraphrases within the text. Punctuation is another context clue. A definition or a synonym is often set apart by parentheses, commas, dashes, or a colon. You will learn to recognize these clues. Analyzing a word also helps you determine the meanmg of a word. Compound words, prefixes, and suffixes are other context clues.

You will learn to recognize common prefixes and suffixes and how words are joined together. If context clues cannot help you determine the meaning of a word, you can use a dictionary designed for learners of English. You will learn dictionary skills to help you choose the correct definition of a word. You will also learn about word fames. These are the different parts of speech-noun, verb, adjective, and adverb-that share a similar meaning. The book presents charts with example sentences for each part of speech.

The word-family charts include the most common fonns as well as multiple forms. Author Lin Lougheed presents exercises that teach ESL students how to decipher the meanings of countless new words by reading or hearing them in relation to the context in which they are used. Also included are recommendations for web-based self-study activities. The included downloadable MP3 Files present all of the listening comprehension exercises.

The context provides clues to the meaning of a word. These clues may be in the same sentence or in the same paragraph.

You will learn to look for definitions, synonyms, or paraphrases within the text. This updated manual also covers all parts of the IELTS and all of its question types: multiple-choice, short answer, sentence completion, flowchart completion, graphs, tables, note taking, summarizing, labeling diagrams and maps, classification, matching, and selecting from a list. The program presents:. Take a practice test to find out what is your current weakness in terms of IELTS scale and allow more time to improve your weak spots.

Describe an occasion when many people were smiling May 10, Describe a tall building in your city you like or dislike May 10, Describe a decision made by others or someone that you disagreed with May 10, Describe the time when you had to sing a song in front of public May 10, Can you please upload again with new available download links? Hello, Gustavo We updated all dead links, Now you can download the book and audio files.



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